How do you secure messages over the internet? How do quantum computers break it? How do you fix it? Why dont you watch the video to find out? Why does this description have so many questions? Why are you still reading? What is the meaning of life?

0:00 Intro — Are we DOOOOMED??
0:52 How NOT to Send Secret Messages
2:09 RSA — Encryption Today
5:19 One-Way Functions and Post-Quantum Cryptography
7:28 Qubits and Measurement
9:03 BB84 — Quantum Cryptography
12:43 Alternatives and Problems
14:26 A Case for Quantum Computing

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CLARIFICATIONS:
You dont actually need a quantum computer to do quantum-safe encryption. As briefly mentioned at 7.04, there are encryption schemes that can be run on regular computers that cant be broken by quantum computers.

CORRECTIONS:

«The public key can only be used to scramble information.» (2.18) Technically, you can use any key to encrypt or decrypt whatever you want. But theres a specific way to use them thats useful, which is whats shown in the video.
«Given a private key, its easy to create its corresponding public key.» (5.36) In RSA, depending on exactly what you mean by «private key», neither key is actually derivable from the other. When they are created, they are generated together from a common base (not just the public key from the private key). But typically, the file that stores the «private key» actually contains a bit more information than just the private key. For example, in PKCS #1 RSA private key format ( tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3447#appendix-A.1.2 ), the file technically contains the entire public key too. So in short, you technically cant get the public key from the private key or vice versa, but the file that contains the private key can hold more than just the private key alone, making it possible to retrieve the public key from it.

Video links:

Encryption and HUGE numbers — Numberphile
youtu.be/M7kEpw1tn50

The No Cloning Theorem — minutephysics
youtu.be/owPC60Ue0BE

Quantum Entanglement